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Chicken, duck and goose are debatable and allowance is regionally dependent. [32] As per the explanation of legal provisions of Constitution of Nepal, Khas Arya comprises the Brahmin, Kshetri, Thakur and Sanyasi (Dashnami) communities. Table 2.2 Main Nepal Caste and Ethnic Groups with Regional Divisions and Social Groups (from 2001 Census) 3 Table 4.1 Wealth Quintiles 6 Table 4.2 Household Facilities 7 Table 4.3 Antenatal Care 11 Table 4.4 Early Childhood Mortality Rates 15 Table 4.5 Women's Participation in Decision making by Caste/Ethnicity and Regional Identify 28 . [28][29], Chhetris are largest caste group in 21 districts of Nepal as per 2001 Nepal census and 24 districts as per 2011 Nepal census. The Caste System (Brahmin and Kshatriya) - Emory University The daily agricultural work of the Brahmin and Chhetrich families is usually done jointly by men and women. [2][3], Chhetri is considered a direct derivative of the Sanskrit word Kshatriya. Many Kshetris triennially celebrate clanwise Masto deity worship called Dewali Puja. Offerings are made to these spirits in order to appease them. Dont Tell Your Nwaran Name, KEEP IT SECRET, 60 Flowers Names in Nepali; What Does it Symbolize, 43 Different Authentic Nepali Spices Name In English. Brahmin/Bahun: Adhikari. List of international goals scored by Sunil Chhetri - Wikipedia In the times of unification of Nepal, Kshetris were more rigid to worship of ferocious forms of Godess Kali and Lord Shiva. Chhetri is Nepalese local colloquial term for Kshatriya. Industrial products or handicrafts needed for everyday use they buy from the lower service castes smiths and metallurgists, goldsmiths, tailors, tanners. Dance is completed in Nepal with traditional, classical, and music. Chhetri: The Most Populous Caste of Nepal Tips Nepal Cultural Dresses of Nepal | Shilpa - YouTube Gotra means subdivisions of the castes represent more close relations of family. In this process the left outs were oppressed class (Dalits), women, the poorest of the poor, powerless and the second class citizen and indigenous nationalities (Adivasi Janajatis). Baptism is considered the ultimate proof of conversion, and the person performing the baptism can face up to a six-year prison term. The Chhetris are often clustered together with Brahmans as members of the "high caste (BC)" or grouped with the Brahmans and Newars as the "Brahman/Chhetri/Newar (BCN) group" of "dominant" Hill communities. The nobility of the Gorkha Kingdom mainly originated from Chhetri families. [9] Jayasthiti Malla's restructuring also converted celibate Buddhist monks to householder status and inside the hierarchic fold for the first time to form the caste of Vajracharya and Shakya. Lixoti It comprises 126 types of castes and small types of ethnic groups. Caste system in Nepal - Wikipedia ", "History of Dalit movements in Nepal: Much has been achieved, but discrimination still exists". Does Nepal have a caste system? - 2023 Dalits and Labour in Nepal: Discrimination and Forced Labour. Despite historical persecution, exclusion and cultural encroachment, the indigenous Dhimals still live in 97 Dhimal villages . They often opposed each other. To find your choice, press Control+F and type the surname to see which caste/community/ethnic group and sub-caste/clan it falls under. Kshetri do not consume pork like Rajputs which is a basis of cultural difference. Population: Approx. Deepening Democracy: International Labour Organisation Convention 169 and Nepal's Democratic Transition, Nepal: Towards a Democratic Republic: Caste, Ethnicity and Inequality in Nepal, Material from this site has been borrowed for this article with the permission of Dr. Vepachedu, Interview with Ian Martin: Caste-Based Discrimination in Nepal, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caste_system_in_Nepal&oldid=1114280098, Manandhar/Syami/Teli (oil-pressers and brewers), Pahari/Nagarkoti (farmers from outskirts), Khadgi, Naye, Kasai (butchers and musicians), Dyala, Pod, Chymaha/Chamhr (sweepers, fishermen), "Namasinya Matwali" (Non-enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), Newar - Hindu Panchthariya Srsthas and Buddhists Gubhaju/Bar (, "Masinya Matwali" (Enslavable Alcohol Drinkers), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Naparne" (Water-unacceptable but touchable), "Pani Na Chalne Chhoichhito Haalnu Parne" (Water-unacceptable and untouchable), Nancy E. Levine. Sources mention two hundred eighty-four Khas surnames exist as of today. For now let's just take a look at the castes and their sub-castes (surnames) in hopes that someday, we will all be one single flower with many variants. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Also, girls go through puberty rites and boys go through initiations known as "sacred thread ceremonies." People with the same Gotra are Sagotri in Hindu society. They are; Basnyat, Pande, Thapa, Kunwar and Bista. The population of Newars (all castes) is around 5%, but its occupancy in the civil service is more than one-third (33.2%), although vast majority of this share comes from the minority upper-caste segments of the Chathariya and Panchthariya Shrestha Newars. While the caste system and legal code were publicly outlawed by the 1990 constitution, caste continues to play a prominent role in many Nepalis' private lives. Ravens receive sweets and other delicacies in a gift, and pets decorate themselves with flower garlands. Brahman and Chhetri are high Hindu Nepalese castes. While it is indeed slowly reducing, the process of removing discrimination is a long process. Her status will be raised when she gives birth to a child, especially when she gives birth to a son. Similarly, girls also may add middle names like Kumari, Maya, etc. Often the relationship is with a person from another village and usually the parents use the intermediary. MOPE (2002). How many caste are there in Nepal? PDF 47036-001l: Project Preparatory Facility for Energy - Indigenous Due to this people marry in their caste and avoid same gotra. Kshatriya caste of patrilineal Khas-Aryan descent, "Kshetriya" redirects here. Social composition of the Population: Caste/Ethnicity and Religion in Nepal", "Brahmins and Chhetris land most government jobs", "Khas Arya quota provision in civil services opposed", "Nepal-India Relations: Need for Urgent Paradigm Shift - Mainstream Weekly", "Next Door Nepal: The nationalist's hour", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chhetri&oldid=1121072498, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Nepali (macrolanguage)-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 10 November 2022, at 10:16. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages).Generally, the Parvate/Pahari (hilly) Kshatriyas are called as Kshetris or Khas Kshetris.Many historians called Kshetris as Decendents Of Magars. Acharya > Bahun > Kaudinya (Purbiya) 2. February 7, 2022. [6], The earliest detailed record of the caste system in Nepal has been found in Kathmandu Valley from the 5th century CE during the Licchavi period (400-750 CE) with mentions of the presence of Brahmans (Vedic priests) and Chandala (untouchables). Music, theater and fine arts have traditionally been the domain of other, usually lower, castes, and, with the exception of the educated residents of the cities, Brahmins and Chhetri are not interested in art. This greatly exceeds the Kshatriya portion in most regions with predominantly Hindu populations. After finishing five months girls or seven boys it eats the first rice meal called pasni. [24], According to Professor Madhusudan Subedi, economic and political advancements have pushed the caste system to break its stagnancy and status quo. Nepalese girls were traditionally married before they reached the age of ten. 10.3126/hjsa.v4i0.4672. Nepal Profile. People from Vishwamitra/ Kaushika gotra use this word as a surname too. Little, if any, history of Christianity. Master list of ALL Nepali Surnames/Clans (2023) - lixoti.com This custom was traditionally only prevalent in the three Indo Aryan societies of the Khas, Madhesi, and Newars. Rana Jang Pande, the leader of Pande faction, was the Prime Minister of Nepal in 1841 A.D.[25] which might have caused large Pande officers at 1841. ), Khulal, Kshetri, Mahat, Mahatara, Pande/Pandey, Punwar, Pwar, Kunwar, Lama, Rana, Mhyak Rana, Ranabhat, Rayamajhi, Raya, Rathor, Raut, Rawat, Rawal, Rayamajhi, Rokaya/Rokka/Rokaha, Pulami, Silwal, Suyal, Swar, Sauka, Sijapati, Sinjapati, Sakya, Sutar, Saod, Saud, Tandon, Thapa etc. While this is being said, we also have to acknowledge that this division of caste has created discrimination. Wet rice is grown during the monsoon season; dry rice, maize, millet, and wheat are raised on drier land during the summer and winter months. gelal caste in nepal gelal caste in nepal (No Ratings Yet) . After the rise Rana dynasty(Kunwars), the number changed to 10 Basnyats, 1 Pandes, 3 Thapas and 26 Kunwar officers totaling to 61 Chhetri officers in the year 1854 A.D.[19], Chhetris dominated the position of the senior officers of the Nepali Army comprising 74.4% of total senior officers in 1967. Pray that God will encourage and strengthen the Nepalese who have converted to Christianity. [20], Participation of Khas-Brahmins in the civil service is 41.3% in spite of its population size of 12.2%. Kashyap gotra, kaushik gotra, bhardwaj gotra, kaundinya gotra and more. The Bhardwaj gotra came from him. Iijima, Shigeru. [12], They are thought to be connected to the Khasas mentioned in the ancient Indian literature and the medieval Khasa kingdom. Warriorhood, governance, administration, honesty and integrity has been linked to Kshetris. [13], The case of Newr is exceptional. Brahmans are known in Nepali as "Bahuns." On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Which caste is highest in Nepal? - 2023 During the next year, the shraddha ceremony, which must be carried out by the son of the deceased, is celebrated. Thapas were supported by Kunwars due to blood relations. "Drafting the 1990 Constitution." In Michael Hutt, ed., Nepal in the Nineties, 1994. [3] On 28 May 2008, it was declared a republic,[4] ending the period of the Hindu Kingdom. Thus, while it may be true that today's Chhetri of Nepal branched off from the Khas, what has happened is that the descendants of the original Khas remained distinct, remote and deprived like other janajati groups of the country. January 19, 2022 . Baniya : A Chhetri Community of Nepal. [1] The literacy rate among Chhetris is 72.3% as per 2011 Nepal census. The Chhetri are divided into many descent groups with names variously associated with place-names in the Karnali region or representing occupations. The fear of Inter-Caste Marriage in Nepal 5 reasons why it makes sense and 5 reasons why it does not! The Newar have a wide range of occupations. The surnames are Bhusal, Pangeni, Basnet, Rijal, Humagain, Khadka, Dhamala, Guragain. They are known for their cheerfulness, good humor, resourcefulness, and self-confidence. Map Design: Joshua Project, Joshua Project data is drawn from many sources and of varying accuracy depending on source and editorial decisions. At the end of the eighteenth century, Nepal was united by kings who were the ancestors of Thakuri the aristocratic wing of the Chhetri caste. And in Nepal, caste wise there are three caste having surname Bhandari. Ask God to bless worship and intercession by Christians from other countries who come to prayer-walk in Nepal. We recommend against using %Christian Adherent and %Evangelical to calculate absolute numbers. The term gotra refers to a lineage or clan, and Brahmins are traditionally divided into a number of gotras, each of which is associated with a particular Hindu ancestor. In March, the Holi festival takes place, differently Phagu the name comes from the Nepali name of the month Phagun in which people sing, dance and throw each other colorful powder and pour water. The population of India that is considered a member of the Brahmin caste according to the article "The Joshua project" is about 60,481,000 people. Culture and Traditions in Nepal | Nepal.com In Nepal, the Brahmin caste is traditionally considered to be one of the four main castes, along with Chhetri, Vaishya, and Sudra. They donot practice maternal cousin marriages as Thakuri caste which is the basis of cultural distinction. ethnic identity, or the caste system in Nepal. [1], The Government of Nepal legally abolished the caste-system and criminalized any caste-based discrimination, including "untouchability" (the ostracism of a specific caste) - in 1963. Class, Caste or Location? The Achut perform the most polluted tasks, such as cleaning bathrooms. [8] Kshetri dominate the military forces with nearly all high ranked officers belonging to either Kshetri or Thakuri caste. jim martin death couples massage class san diego beaver falls football gelal caste in nepal. Dalit identity in urban Pokhara, Nepal - ScienceDirect The Chhetri are considered the largest ethnic community in Nepal, comprising 16.6% of the population according to the 2011 census. The Newar population of Nepal was estimated to be about 1,250,000 in the early 21st century. The fact is that a vast majority of the Khas have never been Hinduised, let alone 'Chhetri-ised'. All of these groups have held onto their traditional animistic beliefs (a belief that non-human objects have spirits). Cast in Nepal Given below is a list of Gotra and Thari in Nepal: Courier/Cargo/Logistics Company in Kathmandu,Nepal, Best Ayurveda Hospitals/Clinics in Kathmandu,Nepal, Chauchau Recipes All You Need To Know About. Joshua Project may be able to provide more information than what is published on this site. Ethnic Groups in Nepal | List of ethnic groups in Nepal - Nepal Trekking Chhetri - Wikipedia They never marry in their paternal clan and those having same gotra. However, people have been disseminating information about the need to change this system. The source of Brahmin and Chhetrich income living in villages is cattle breeding and field cultivation. Son of the rishi Atri, Bhardwaj is an honoured sage and among the Sapta Rishis. In the rural context, the traditional subsistence agriculture system and age-old caste structure have significantly changed, and a relationship based on wage labour on land is being developed.[25]. The clothes are used according to their geographical belt in Nepal. The most ambitious and powerful among the Chhetris, the Khas kings began to further claim a new caste where they merged with the Magar kings of Gandaki region to form a royal hybrid Thakuri caste. Chhetri - My Holiday Nepal Note that it is not always true- there are few exceptions. Pokhara has become a cultural confluence of more than 80 different ethnic and caste groups ( Adhikari, 2000 ). New divisions and differences have given rise to new antagonisms and social norms. So lets make our world a better place and treat each other as humans and peers rather than people of castes. Amar Singh Thapa based on religious values developed Nishankalika flag after ceremoniously inviting Kalika Bhawani, ancestors, friendly deities and 49 Maruts to reside on the flag. [1] Among them, the district with largest Chhetri population is Kathmandu district with 347,754 (i.e. "Nepal: Deadly caste-based attacks spur outcry over social discrimination | DW | 16.06.2020", "Birenda, 55, Ruler of Nepal's Hindu Kingdom". Their domestic and religious practices are also patterned after the higher Hindu castes of India. Another sage as per Hindu sacred texts is Maudagalya. Basistha surnames are Bhandari, Bhattarai, Suyal, Kharel, Gaire, Mudabhari, Raut, Thangsine, Pathak, Chalise, Gamnage. 117. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins Brahmans emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. Full list of family names of hilly, Himalayas, terai, Madhesh regions. Working-class persons in urban areas who must make a living by selling their labour power. [26], The 2011 Nepal census recorded Chhetris as the largest Hindu adherents in the nation with 4,365,113 people which is 99.3% of total Chhetri population. He cursed Yama with mortality. Answer (1 of 5): No surnames are pure Brahmins since they can easily get converted to other casts if they marry other than Brahmins as per Nepali culture or we might say as per Brahmins culture. Adhikari, Aidi, Ayer, Bagale, Bogati, Baruwal, Bohara, Balair, Bakheti, Batala, Balayer, Baniya, G.C. Identification. Newah in Nepal people group profile | Joshua Project Narayanhiti Palace Museum. Different surnames are Lohani, Dudh Pokharel, Panthi, Panta, Niraula, Wagle, Pandey, Subedi, Thapaliya, Jamarkattel, Shiwakoti. Am Gai. Chhetri belongs to the Indo-Arya which is part of the Kshatriya varna, and speak mainly Nepali. These values were seen as a potent instrument of Rana political repression. In addition, there are many priests among the Brahmin who provide services to other families of their caste and the Chhetri caste, they also work in shrines and temples, and support large festivals. It is believed that in the twelfth century, during the Islamic invasion in India, Brahmins - Brahmans - emigrated to the western hills of Nepal. The girl has a low status in a new family and usually the mother-in-law commissions her most arduous work. It is said that there are the main 8 gotras evolved from the Rishis (sages) who were mind-born sons of Bramha, one of the Hindu Trinity. . They live in small rural settlements that are situated near rivers or springs. Nepali folk dance is the traditional dance which is performed in Nepal with the help of folk music and song. Hindu people who have Kaundinya gotra have the surnames- Trital, Thapa, Satyal, Parajuli, Paneru, Pathak, Marashini, Khadka, Gaagle, Bhandari, Baskota, Acharya, Neupane, Paneru, Pakurel, Sapkota, Kharel. are found . The legal recognition to caste and all the discriminatory laws made on the grounds of caste were ceased. [21][22], The nobility of Gorkha were mainly from Chhetri families and they had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. The venerated sage in Hindu culture is behind the Bishwamitra gotra. It is of due importance in the Hindu culture, especially concerning marriage- the system forbids people from the same Gotra from getting married. The population of Khas-Chhetris constitutes 17.6% but its participation is mere 14.7%. [1] Chhetris speak an Indo-Aryan Nepali language (Khas-Kura) as mother tongue. This page article shows the composition of each proposed federal state in terms of ethnic groups in Nepal, based on 2011 census data. Some of these names are shared among Bahuns and Thakuris, indicating a common Khas origin among these higher castes.Examples of occupation-derived surnames are Adhikari ("official"), Khadka ("sword-bearer") and Kunwar ("prince"). This is a rather good thing as the caste-specific rituals and traditions will be enjoyed by all, and be spread all over Nepal. Other data may have varying ages. The surnames with this gotra are Lamsal, Dahal, Kunwar, Rupakheti, Rana, Bhatta, Kharaal. A lot of youths do not care about things such as caste. nepali surnames and caste Surnames in Mandabya gotra include Panthi, Bajgai, Gyawali, Maskey, Katuwal, Bajhai. The marriage ceremony covers the whole day from the moment the grooms team arrives at the brides house until they leave the house the next day, taking the girl with them. People Group Location: Omid. [23] In terms of education, 88.0% of Khas Brahmins & Chhetris, and Newars have access to school, 12.0% have never been to school. Joshua Project occasionally adjusts profile text from third party sources. Origin And Meaning Of Nepali Dance - Source Nepal As the Shah rulers conquered more territories and people, the concept of caste hierarchy more firmly applied as an organizing principle to consolidate diverse people under their authority. The social structure of caste-origin Hill Hindu or Khas groups is simple compared to the other two societies, reflecting only three groups in hierarchy, with the distinct absence of the Vaishya and Shudra varnas. 26 million with absent population of 1.9 million and growth rate of 1.35% per annum. However, everyday home puja is usually made by a woman. The surnames are Pade, Ghimire, Bogati, Budhathoki, Gartaula, Badal, Tiwari. These societies/ethnicities were: Khas/Parbatiya and Newars in the hills and Madhesis in the plains. The ethnic makeup of Nepal reflects the historical migratory patterns into the country from the North and South. Few Kshetri clans give male buffalo sacrifices on Maha Ashtami day. He was the oldest Vedic Rishi and the teacher of the Hindu figure Ram. Most surnames in Atri Gotra includes Arjel/ Arjyal, Bhatta, Chapagain, Khatiwoda, Ojha, Wosti, Gotama, Bam (Rakse Thakuri), Mishra, Adhikari. [16] His grandson Bhimsen Thapa became Mukhtiyar (Prime Minister) of Nepal. [8][9] According to the 1854 Legal Code (Muluki Ain) of Nepal, Chhetris are the social group among the sacred thread bearers (Tagadhari) and twice-born people of the Hindu tradition. 19.9% of the total district population). Most notable contradiction is the inclusion of previously non-Hindu tribes "Adivasi Janajati" groups, as well as non-Nepalis including Muslims and Europeans into the hierarchical fold. Kshetri - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Kshetris are the second largest Hindu group with Hindu population of 43,65,113 (99.3% of Kshetris) as per the 2011 Nepal census. [3][4] Chhetri was a caste of administrators, governor and military elites in the medieval Khas Kingdom and Gorkha Kingdom (later unified Kingdom of Nepal). Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. Thapa is an ancient Paikela (warrior) rank in the medieval Khasa Kingdom of Western Nepal. One's caste traditionally determined the person's line of work, . Karma99: Newar people km, stretching 800 km from east to west and from 90 to 230 km north to south. The maternal clan marriage prohibition also include non marriage prohibition with the Bahun counterpart of that clan. Today, they are proportionately distributed in almost all the parts of Nepal. Caste, State, and Ethnic Boundaries in Nepal. The surnames which have Maudagalya gotra are Karki, Kuinkel, Upreti, Koirala, Simkhada, Timalsina. This is done to avoid confusion regarding the current reality of a people group, to fix grammar and spelling and to avoid potentially offensive wording. Brahman and Chhetri of Nepal | Encyclopedia.com They also had a strong presence in civil administration affairs. Only the poorest families do not own land. people's perception of their own social situation has more to do with geography and objective social class, than with their association with the groups that the state has based its internal social policy on. The caste system is still intact today but the rules are not as rigid as they were in the past. Many also beg and scavenge for a living. Though the Newah are scattered throughout Nepal, they are primarily concentrated in the Katmandu Valley and in surrounding countries. In terms of earning/income generation, Newars have the highest per capita income of Rs. Most of the Newar are Hindus, but some practice an Indian form of Buddhism. Khas/Kshetri or Khas/Chhetri (Nepali: ) are Turanid Ab-Original Native From of people belonging to Turkic-Mongol Mixed caste in Khas group, a Altaic ethno-linguistic group (see Altaic languages). Many people are confused in the two caste "Baniya" and "Bania".Actually, "Baniya" are Chhetri from "Khas" group whereas "Bania" are people of Terai of"Baisha" group. When a boy turns 7, his hair is cut off a small strand of hair is left behind to indicate that he belongs to the Hindu culture and formally becomes a member of the caste. Paper presented at National Dialogue Conference on ILO Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples, Kathmandu, 1920 January 2005. Roughly 260 . Ahntastic Adventures in Silicon Valley The mother tongue of these groups is Kumaoni, Nepali and its dialects like Baitadeli and Doteli. Everyone is taking part in the harvest. Another important festival is the Tihar festival Dipavali, a festival of lights lasting five days. How Do Different People Assess Social Change In Nepal? Objects owned by the deceased are donated to the priest who led the ceremony. [6] that marginalized the monarchy, and the Chhetri presence in the armed forces, police, and Government of Nepal.