As a major Protestant nation, England patronised and helped protect Huguenots, starting with Queen Elizabeth I in 1562,[85] with the first Huguenots settling in Colchester in 1565. The Huguenots were French Protestants most of whom eventually came to follow the teachings of John Calvin, and who, due to religious persecution, were forced to flee France to other countries in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. His successor Louis XIII, under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici, was more intolerant of Protestantism. English (of French Huguenot origin): Anglicized form of French Le Groux (see Groux) or Le Greux. Although relatively large portions of the peasant population became Reformed there, the people, altogether, still remained majority Catholic.[16][19]. Tension with Paris led to a siege by the royal army in 1622. Three hundred refugees were granted asylum at the court of George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lneburg in Celle. Huguenot & Palatine Names in Ireland - Dochara Even before the Edict of Als (1629), Protestant rule was dead and the ville de sret was no more. [123] The last prime minister of East Germany, Lothar de Maizire,[124] is also a descendant of a Huguenot family, as is the former German Federal Minister of the Interior, Thomas de Maizire. A number of French Huguenots settled in Wales, in the upper Rhymney valley of the current Caerphilly County Borough. The government encouraged descendants of exiles to return, offering them French citizenship in a 15 December 1790 law: All persons born in a foreign country and descending in any degree of a French man or woman expatriated for religious reason are declared French nationals (naturels franais) and will benefit from rights attached to that quality if they come back to France, establish their domicile there and take the civic oath. It is the last name of former New York Yankees baseball player, Derek Jeter. [107][108][109][110][111] Huguenot regiments fought for William of Orange in the Williamite War in Ireland, for which they were rewarded with land grants and titles, many settling in Dublin. When Paul Roux, a pastor who arrived with the main group of Huguenots, died in 1724, the Dutch administration, as a special concession, permitted another French cleric to take his place "for the benefit of the elderly who spoke only French". It was in this year that some Huguenots destroyed the tomb and remains of Saint Irenaeus (d. 202), an early Church father and bishop who was a disciple of Polycarp. Two years later, with the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen of 1789, Protestants gained equal rights as citizens.[4]. Escalating, he instituted dragonnades, which included the occupation and looting of Huguenot homes by military troops, in an effort to forcibly convert them. France History, Family Crest & Coats of Arms - HouseOfNames Huguenot descendants sometimes display this symbol as a sign of reconnaissance (recognition) between them. Huguenots - Index of Names | Genealogy Ensemble [25][26], The first known translation of the Bible into one of France's regional languages, Arpitan or Franco-Provenal, had been prepared by the 12th-century pre-Protestant reformer Peter Waldo (Pierre de Vaux). Huguenot Refugees in Brandenburg and Berlin, Germany [French, from Old French huguenot, member of a Swiss political movement, alteration (influenced by Bezanson Hugues (c. Instead of being in Purgatory after death, according to Catholic doctrine, they came back to harm the living at night. "[62], Foreign descendants of Huguenots lost the automatic right to French citizenship in 1945 (by force of the Ordonnance n 45-2441 du 19 octobre 1945, which revoked the 1889 Nationality Law). Early ties were already visible in the Apologie of William the Silent, condemning the Spanish Inquisition, which was written by his court minister, the Huguenot Pierre L'Oyseleur, lord of Villiers. It includes links to books and societies that can help you find your ancestral name in France prior to the French Revolution, and it focuses on Protestant aristocratic families. [9] Reguier de la Plancha (d. 1560) in his De l'Estat de France offered the following account as to the origin of the name, as cited by The Cape Monthly: Reguier de la Plancha accounts for it [the name] as follows: "The name huguenand was given to those of the religion during the affair of Amboyse, and they were to retain it ever since. Consequently, many Huguenots considered the wealthy and Calvinist-controlled Dutch Republic, which also happened to lead the opposition to Louis XIV, as the most attractive country for exile after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes. He became pastor of the first Huguenot church in North America in that city. Some fled as refugees to the Dutch Cape Colony, the Dutch East Indies, various Caribbean colonies, and several of the Dutch and English colonies in North America. In Berlin the Huguenots created two new neighbourhoods: Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt. Long after the sect was suppressed by Francis I, the remaining French Waldensians, then mostly in the Luberon region, sought to join Farel, Calvin and the Reformation, and Olivtan published a French Bible for them. [75] When they arrived, colonial authorities offered them instead land 20 miles above the falls of the James River, at the abandoned Monacan village known as Manakin Town, now in Goochland County. They purchased from John Pell, Lord of Pelham Manor, a tract of land consisting of six thousand one hundred acres with the help of Jacob Leisler. The city's political institutions and the university were all handed over to the Huguenots. Huguenot Migration Project - Member Interests List 1 Retaliating against the French Catholics, the Huguenots had their own militia. and. McClain, Molly. [76] Gradually they intermarried with their English neighbours. Use the search box to find a specific Family Name, Year, Location or Occupation. In 1685, he issued the Edict of Fontainebleau, revoking the Edict of Nantes and declaring Protestantism illegal. The first Mennonite immigrants bearing this name came to PA in the first half of the 18th century. The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many of them had occupied important places in society. Prior to its establishment, Huguenots used the Cabbage Garden near the cathedral. These surnames are most common in South Africa due to the immigration of the French Huguenots to the Cape of Good Hope in the 17th century. Devoted to the history, biography, genealogy, poetry, folk-lore and general interests of the Pennsylvania Germans and their descendants. The Huguenot Society's organized tours have, since 1989, visited three towns which, from their foundation, were particular places of refuge for Huguenots. At first he sent missionaries, backed by a fund to financially reward converts to Roman Catholicism. Pettit - Huguenot (Fr. Protest - Genealogy.com A small group of Huguenots also settled on the south shore of Staten Island along the New York Harbor, for which the current neighbourhood of Huguenot was named. [87] London financed the emigration of many to England and its colonies around 1700. A French church in Portarlington dates back to 1696,[113] and was built to serve the significant new Huguenot community in the town. [42][43], The French Wars of Religion began with the Massacre of Vassy on 1 March 1562, when dozens[8] (some sources say hundreds[44]) of Huguenots were killed, and about 200 were wounded. Huguenot, any of the Protestants in France in the 16th and 17th centuries, many of whom suffered severe persecution for their faith. Huguenot Society :: Blog See my info below about how to contact Alsace-Lorraine, the two provinces where many Huguenots once lived. The Huguenot population of France dropped to 856,000 by the mid-1660s, of which a plurality lived in rural areas. The pattern of warfare, followed by brief periods of peace, continued for nearly another quarter-century. Huguenots intermarried with Dutch from the outset. If you would like any more information, please email admin@huguenotmuseum.org or call on 01634 789 347. 1609 Group of Flemish Huguenots settled in Canongate, Scotland. Joan Crawford (1905-1977), American actress, descended from the Huguenots, Dr Pierre Chastain and Chretien DuBois, on her father's side. ), Swiss political leader) of dialectal eyguenot, from German dialectal Eidgenosse, confederate, from Middle High German eitgenz : eit . D.J.B. On the day we visited, it was staffed by two ladies who were residents of the French Hospital. [13], The Huguenot cross is the distinctive emblem of the Huguenots (croix huguenote). Dutch and Walloon Calvinists arrived in force in Elizabethan England - there were over 15,000 foreign Protestants in the country in the 1590s, the majority Dutch and almost all of the remainder Walloon and Huguenot - but few needed to come once the independence of the United Provinces was secured. [103][104] The only reference to immigrant lacemakers in this period is of twenty-five widows who settled in Dover,[101] and there is no contemporary documentation to support there being Huguenot lacemakers in Bedfordshire. However, these measures disguised the growing tensions between Protestants and Catholics. Both kingdoms, which had enjoyed peaceful relations until 1685, became bitter enemies and fought each other in a series of wars, called the "Second Hundred Years' War" by some historians, from 1689 onward. "Trees without roots fall over!" ""People who never look backward to their ancestors will never look forward to posterity." - Edmund Burke. [66], A diaspora of French Australians still considers itself Huguenot, even after centuries of exile. Louisiana had the highest population of Hubert families in 1840. Some Huguenots fought in the Low Countries alongside the Dutch against Spain during the first years of the Dutch Revolt (15681609). Around 1294, a French version of the Scriptures was prepared by the Roman Catholic priest, Guyard des Moulins. A number of New Amsterdam's families were of Huguenot origin, often having immigrated as refugees to the Netherlands in the previous century. Huguenots were Nobles, Doctors, Lawyers, Historians, Intellectuals, Craftsman and Artisans and loyal to the Crown. In the United States, the name France is the 2,209 th most popular surname with an estimated 14,922 people with that name. Huguenots with that surname are not only found in French Switzerland, but also emigrated from . This was about 21% of all the recorded Hubert's in USA. [72][73] The wine industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots, some of whom had vineyards in France, or were brandy distillers, and used their skills in their new home. [14][15], The issue of demographic strength and geographical spread of the Reformed tradition in France has been covered in a variety of sources. [54][55] Beyond Paris, the killings continued until 3 October. . The exodus of Huguenots from France created a brain drain, as many of them had occupied important places in society. Dutch Surnames & Origins: Exploring Dutch Ancestry | Legacy Tree But the light of the Gospel has made them vanish, and teaches us that these spirits were street-strollers and ruffians. Konstanze Dahn (real name Constanze Le Gaye) (1814-1894), German actress. [80] In upstate New York they merged with the Dutch Reformed community and switched first to Dutch and then in the early 19th century to English. In the early 18th century, a regional group known as the Camisards (who were Huguenots of the mountainous Massif Central region) rioted against the Catholic Church, burning churches and killing the clergy. Soon, they became enraged with the Dutch trading tactics, and drove out the settlers. [125] At the same time, the government released a special postage stamp in their honour reading "France is the home of the Huguenots" (Accueil des Huguenots). Who were the Huguenots? | Who Do You Think You Are Magazine Of the original 390 settlers in the isolated settlement, many had died; others lived outside town on farms in the English style; and others moved to different areas. Does anybody know if there was a sizeable population of French Huguenots in Leeds in the 17th and 18th Centuries? After the revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685, the Dutch Republic received the largest group of Huguenot refugees, an estimated total of 75,000 to 100,000 people. As a result Protestants are still a religious minority in Quebec today. Then he imposed penalties, closed Huguenot schools and excluded them from favoured professions. With each break in peace, the Huguenots' trust in the Catholic throne diminished, and the violence became more severe, and Protestant demands became grander, until a lasting cessation of open hostility finally occurred in 1598. Several congregations were founded throughout Germany and Scandinavia, such as those of Fredericia (Denmark), Berlin, Stockholm, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Helsinki, and Emden. He was regarded by the Gallicians as a noble man who respected people's dignity and lives. Their Principles Delineated; Their Character Illustrated; Their Sufferings and Successes Recorded by William Henry Foote; Presbyterian Committee of Publication, 1870 - 627, The Huguenots: History and Memory in Transnational Context: Essays in Honour and Memory of by Walter C. Utt, From a Far Country: Camisards and Huguenots in the Atlantic World by Catharine Randall, Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhsz, Guido Latr (eds), Fischer, David Hackett, "Champlain's Dream", 2008, Alfred A. Knopf Canada, article on EIDupont says he did not even emigrate to the US and establish the mills until after the French Revolution, so the mills were not operating for theAmerican revolution. There is an aged carpenter here, 'La Combre,' of pure Huguenot descent, so that this name also, as well as another, 'Champ,' may be added to the list. The Prinsenhof is one of the 14 active Walloon churches of the Dutch Reformed Church (now of the Protestant Church in the Netherlands). About The Huguenot Ancestral Name Listings Where is your last name from? FamilySearch.org While the Huguenot population was at one time fairly large, these names are not now common though they are still seen in some street names and Huguenots - Wikipedia The roads to Geneva and the Valais region led to Lausanne, which was densely . Gt. By then, most Protestants were Cvennes peasants. gt. Other evidence of the Walloons and Huguenots in Canterbury includes a block of houses in Turnagain Lane, where weavers' windows survive on the top floor, as many Huguenots worked as weavers. ", Mark Greengrass, "Protestant exiles and their assimilation in early modern England. Dr Kathleen Chater has been tracing her own family history for over 30 years. "[64], In the 1920s and 1930s, members of the extreme-right Action Franaise movement expressed strong animus against Huguenots and other Protestants in general, as well as against Jews and Freemasons. huguenot surnames in germany They were persecuted by Catholic France, and about 300,000 Huguenots fled France for England, Holland, Switzerland, Prussia, and the Dutch and English colonies in the Americas. See our Huguenot Surname Cross Surname and Variations -- Christian Name Ag / Agee / Oage -- Matthieu Allaire -- Alexandre Alle / Alley / Alie / Alyer / d'Ailly -- Nicolas The wars gradually took on a dynastic character, developing into an extended feud between the Houses of Bourbon and Guise, both of whichin addition to holding rival religious viewsstaked a claim to the French throne. Huguenot Names - The Huguenots of Spitalfields Services are still held there in French according to the Reformed tradition every Sunday at 3pm. [16] Hans J. Hillerbrand, an expert on the subject, in his Encyclopedia of Protestantism: 4-volume Set claims the Huguenot community reached as much as 10% of the French population on the eve of the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre, declining to 7 to 8% by the end of the 16th century, and further after heavy persecution began once again with the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes by Louis XIV in 1685. [33] Since the Huguenots had political and religious goals, it was commonplace to refer to the Calvinists as "Huguenots of religion" and those who opposed the monarchy as "Huguenots of the state", who were mostly nobles.[34]. [54] An amnesty granted in 1573 pardoned the perpetrators. Where Did The Huguenots Get Their Name? - Huguenot Museum The Huguenots are generally well-documented and it is often possible to trace them to their French home town. [citation needed], These tensions spurred eight civil wars, interrupted by periods of relative calm, between 1562 and 1598. Many of these settlers were given land in an area that was later called Franschhoek (Dutch for 'French Corner'), in the present-day Western Cape province of South Africa. It was still illegal, and, although the law was seldom enforced, it could be a threat or a nuisance to Protestants. [18] He wrote in French, but unlike the Protestant development in Germany, where Lutheran writings were widely distributed and could be read by the common man, it was not the case in France, where only nobles adopted the new faith and the folk remained Catholic. The term may have been a combined reference to the Swiss politician Besanon Hugues (died 1532) and the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism in his time. Some Huguenot preachers and congregants were attacked as they attempted to meet for worship. They were regarded as groups supporting the French Republic, which Action Franaise sought to overthrow. Many came from the region of the Cvennes, for instance, the village of Fraissinet-de-Lozre. [99] Huguenot refugees flocked to Shoreditch, London. Remnant communities of Camisards in the Cvennes, most Reformed members of the United Protestant Church of France, French members of the largely German Protestant Reformed Church of Alsace and Lorraine, and the Huguenot diaspora in England and Australia, all still retain their beliefs and Huguenot designation. The Huguenots in South Africa - Muse protestant [81] In colonial New York city they switched from French to English or Dutch by 1730.[82]. Most of these Frenchmen were Huguenots who had fled from the religious persecutions in France, and, after a sojourn in Holland, had sought a field of greater opportunity in the New World. Gaspard de Coligny was among the first to fall at the hands of a servant of the Duke de . This Table contains the names of Huguenot families Naturalized [69] in Great Britain and Ireland; commencing A.D., 1681, in the reign of King Charles II., and ending in 1712, in the reign of Queen Anne. The Huguenot emigrants were different from the Dutch and German settlers who made up the average population of the Cape Colony. Edward VI granted them the whole of the western crypt of Canterbury Cathedral for worship. Following the French crown's revocation of the Edict of Nantes, many Huguenots settled in Ireland in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, encouraged by an act of parliament for Protestants' settling in Ireland. After the 1534 Affair of the Placards,[37][38] however, he distanced himself from Huguenots and their protection. ", "L'affaire des placards, la fin de la belle Renaissance", "18 octobre 1534: l'affaire des placards", "This Day in History 1572: Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre", Provisional Government of the French Republic, "Rise of 'neo-Protestantism' under Macron challenges traditional Catholic-secular approach to politics", "Welcome to The Huguenot Society of Australia", "Chronology French Church du Saint-Esprit", "French Huguenots and their descendants genealogy project", "Allocution de M. Franois Mitterrand, Prsident de la Rpublique, aux crmonies du tricentenaire de la Rvocation de l'Edit de Nantes, sur la tolrance en matire politique et religieuse et l'histoire du protestantisme en France, Paris, Palais de l'UNESCO, vendredi 11 octobre 1985", "Bayonne Online The first reference to Bayonne in history is in 1609 when Henry Hudson stopped there before proceeding on his journey up the river which would later bear his name. [1][2][3], The remaining Huguenots faced continued persecution under Louis XV. du Pont, a former student of Lavoisier, established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills. Examples include the Huguenot District and French Church Street in Cork City; and D'Olier Street in Dublin, named after a High Sheriff and one of the founders of the Bank of Ireland. Most of the refugees from the German . Many modern Afrikaners have French surnames, which are given Afrikaans pronunciation and orthography. The surname Martin of French origin (see 1 above) is listed in the (US) National Huguenot Society's register of qualified . The ties between Huguenots and the Dutch Republic's military and political leadership, the House of Orange-Nassau, which existed since the early days of the Dutch Revolt, helped support the many early settlements of Huguenots in the Dutch Republic's colonies. A List of Huguenot Surnames Which Have Come to Australia The Weavers, a half-timbered house by the river, was the site of a weaving school from the late 16th century to about 1830. [27] The Waldensians created fortified areas, as in Cabrires, perhaps attacking an abbey. The last active Huguenot congregation in North America worships in Charleston, South Carolina, at a church that dates to 1844. 13 (Regiment on foot Varenne) and 15 (Regiment on foot Wylich). There are many variations in spelling and not all are related. A series of three small civil wars known as the Huguenot rebellions broke out, mainly in southwestern France, between 1621 and 1629 in which the Reformed areas revolted against royal authority. By contrast, the Protestant populations of eastern France, in Alsace, Moselle, and Montbliard, were mainly Lutherans. In 1840 there were 10 Hubert families living in Louisiana. What is the correct name for French Protestants? - Sage-Answers [16][17], The new teaching of John Calvin attracted sizeable portions of the nobility and urban bourgeoisie. Reply. The official policy of the Dutch East India governors was to integrate the Huguenot and the Dutch communities. O. I. Horsley, Hartley Bridge, Gloucestershire, England - Our Family Tree The first Huguenots to leave France sought freedom from persecution in Switzerland and the Netherlands. I'll say a word about it to settle the doubts of those who have strayed in seeking its origin. Some of their descendants moved into the Deep South and Texas, where they developed new plantations. [112] Significant Huguenot settlements were in Dublin, Cork, Portarlington, Lisburn, Waterford and Youghal. After petitioning the British Crown in 1697 for the right to own land in the Baronies, they prospered as slave owners on the Cooper, Ashepoo, Ashley and Santee River plantations they purchased from the British Landgrave Edmund Bellinger. What is clear is that the surname, Jaques, is a Huguenot name. Exploring Huguenot Heritage - Huguenot Museum The Huguenot Memorial Museum was also erected there and opened in 1957. [citation needed] In 1705, Amsterdam and the area of West Frisia were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants, followed by the whole Dutch Republic in 1715. The Dutch as part of New Amsterdam later claimed this land, along with New York and the rest of New Jersey. Others still argue that the terms didn't originate from derogatory roots at all, with some of the Protestant faction claiming the opposite, that the Huguenots were named out of loyalty to the line of Hugues Capet, a medieval ancestor of the King who ruled six centuries before. It was an attempt to establish a French colony in South America. [68] A group of Huguenots was part of the French colonisers who arrived in Brazil in 1555 to found France Antarctique.